Currently available antidepressant drugs treat only 70% of persons diagnosed with depressive illness. These drugs show a profile of blocking reuptake of serotonin and norepinephrine. Several lines of evidence, including the NIH STAR*D study suggest that addition of a dopamine reuptake-blocking action could treat refractory depressed individuals. In addition, it is hypothesized that addition of dopamine reuptake blocking action could lead to a faster onset of drug action. This invention comprises several novel chemical entities that potently inhibit reuptake of all three neurotransmitters (serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine).